Millennium development goals and Sustainable development goals

Millennium Development Goals & Sustainable Development Goals

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

• These goals were introduced by United Nations Organisation (UNO) in 2000.
• It had to be achieved by 2015.
• There were 8 goals under MDGs.

8 Goals of MDGs and India 

1. Poverty (Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger)
• Decrease Poverty by half (1990-2015) - India (Achieved)
• Decrease Hunger by half (1990-2015) - India (Partially achieved)
2. Universal Primary Education - India (almost achieved)
3. Promote gender equality and empower women
• Education - India (Almost achieved)
• Work - India (Almost achieved)
4. Reduce Child Mortality - India (Partially achieved)
5. Improve Maternal Health - India (Partially achieved)
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases
• AIDS - India (Achieved)
• Malaria & other diseases - India (Achieved)
7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability 
• Forest cover - India (Partially achieved)
• Safe drinking water - India (Achieved)
• Sanitation & Toilet - India (Not achieved)
8. Global Partnership for Development
• International cooperation - India (Almost not achieved)
• Domestic (IT) - India (Achieved)

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDGs -

Title: Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development

• They are introduced by UNO in 2015.
• To be achieved by 2030.
• Evolution - 1972 (UN conference on humane environment, Stockholm)
• There are 17 goals and 169 targets under SDGs.
• There are some common goals between SDGs and MDGs and some are elaborated more and some new are added to MDGs.

The 17 Goals of SDGs are -

1. No Poverty
2. Zero Hunger
3. Good health and well being
4. Quality education
5. Gender equality
6. Clean water and sanitation
7. Affordable and clean energy
8. Decent work and economic growth
9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure
10. Reduce inequality
11. Sustainable cities and communities
12. Responsive consumption and production
13. Climate action
14. Life below water
15. Life on land
16. Peace, justice and strong institutions
17. Partnerships to achieve the goals

You can read all 17 SDGs goals and their targets from the official website of SDG - Click here to proceed 

These 17 goals can be categorised under the following headings -

1. Environment
1. SDG 6
2. SDG 7
3. SDG 11
4. SDG 13
5. SDG 14
6. SDG 15
2. Poverty
1. SDG 1
2. SDG 2
3. SDG 10
3. Economic (New goals & targets)
1. SDG 8
2. SDG 9
3. SDG 12
4. Governance
1. SDG 16
5. Education
1. SDG 4
6. Gender equality
1. SDG 5
7. International partnership
1. SDG 17
8. Health 
1. SDG 3

Difference between SDGs and MDGs 

1. Increase participation (private sector, NGOs, Civil societies, Local bodies, etc.) in SDGs.
2. Public private partnership (PPP) to achieve SDGs.
3. Qualitative aspects were introduced in SDGs.
4. Target of achieving absolute Zero like Zero hunger and No poverty in SDGs.
5. Focus shifted from developing countries to global in SDGs.
6. SDGs are based on internal source of funding.
7. SDGs linked social aspects with the economic aspects as well as with environmental aspects.

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Note - This is my Vision IAS Notes (Vision IAS Class Notes) and Ashutosh Pandey Sir's Public Administration Class notes. I've also added some of the information on my own. 

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