Role of Women in Indian National Movement
"To call women the weakest sex is a libel; it is man's injustice to woman. If by strength is meant moral power, then women are immeasurably superior"
Gandhi ji
Matangini Hazra (Burhi Gandhi/Old lady Gandhi)
- She was an old lady from Bengal who actively participated in Civil Disobedience Movement and was also jailed for breaking the salt law.
- During the Quit India Movement, she laid a procession of 6000 supporters and marched towards Tamluk police station where she was shot dead by the British.
Kanak Lata Barua
- She was a 17 years old girl from Gompur area of Assam.
- She organised a procession during the Quit India Movement but was shot down by the British.
- In popular culture she is also known as Bir Bala.
Captain Lakshmi Sehgal
- She was one of the Captain of Indian National Army's Rani Jhansi Regiment.
- She was arrested and tried during the INA Trials.
- She was imprisoned and only to be released after the independence.
Kamladevi Chattopadhayaya
- She was from Mangalore and a social reformer, educator and cultural activist.
- She participated in Civil Disobedience Movement and Quit India Movement.
- She was awarded Padma Bhushan and Padma Vibhusan.
Aruna Asaf Ali
- She was born as Aruna Ganguli and married Asaf Ali in 1928.
- She was an educator and a politician.
- She taught at Gokhale Memorial School at Calcutta.
- During the Salt Satyagraha, she was arrested.
- On 09 August 1942, she hoisted the Indian flag at Gowalia Tank to mark the beginning of Quit India Movement.
- She also organised underground movement and congress radio during Quit India Movement.
Sucheta Kriplani
- She was also the organisor of underground activity and congress radio.
- During the partition, she accompanied Gandhi ji to Naokhali.
- She was a member of Constituent Assembly and after independence she became the 1st female Chief Minister of UP (Also, 1st female Chief Minister of any state in India).
Sarojini Naidu
- She was also known as 'Nightingale of India'.
- She wrote many poems in English language and most famous was 'Bazar of Hyderabad'.
- She was active participant of Swadeshi Movement, Non-Cooperation Movement, Quit India Movement, etc.
- She became the 1st Indian women president of Congress in 1925 and was also 1st women governor of any Indian state (UP).
Question for understanding the role of women in Indian National Movement
- The role played by women in Indian Freedom Struggle has been that of 'helpers' rather than 'crusaders'. Critically examine the statement.
Note - I have taken this question from Drishti IAS (Mains Practice Question) Article - Click here to get more information
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